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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
تجربۀ جانشینی
Sources of self-efficacy beliefs in this model are drawn from those proposed by Bandura (1977): mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological cues.
For example, preservice prepara- tion might be considered as vicarious experience or social persuasion, and if students are given opportunities to teach, then it is also mastery experience.
influence teachers' sense of efficacy as a source of vicarious experience or verbal per- suasion.
School contexts may serve as vicarious experiences when teachers are able to observe colleagues' practice and use these to inform their own abilities.
The last three of these were considered to represent the sources of vicarious experience and verbal persuasion.
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